Template-type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0
Author-Name: Kaplinsky, Raphael
Author-Email: r.kaplinsky@open.ac.uk
Author-Workplace-Name: Open University, Milton Keynes
Author-Name: Chataway, Joanna
Author-Email: j.c.chataway@open.ac.uk
Author-Workplace-Name: Open University, Milton Keynes
Author-Name: Clark, Norman
Author-Email: n.clark@open.ac.uk
Author-Workplace-Name: Open University, Milton Keynes
Author-Name: Hanlin, Rebecca
Author-Email: r.e.hanlin@open.ac.uk
Author-Workplace-Name: Open University, Milton Keynes
Author-Name: Kale, Dinar
Author-Email: d.kale@open.ac.uk
Author-Workplace-Name: Open University, Milton Keynes
Author-Name: Muraguri, Lois
Author-Email: l.muraguri@open.ac.uk
Author-Workplace-Name: Open University, Milton Keynes
Author-Name: Papaioannou, Theo
Author-Email: t.papaioannou@open.ac.uk
Author-Workplace-Name: Open University, Milton Keynes
Author-Name: Robbins, Peter
Author-Email: p.t.robbins@open.ac.uk
Author-Workplace-Name: Open University, Milton Keynes
Author-Name: Wamae, Watu
Author-Email: w.wamae@open.ac.uk
Author-Workplace-Name: Open University, Milton Keynes
Title: Below the Radar: What does Innovation in Emerging Economies have to offer other 
	 Low Income Economies?
Abstract: Between 1970 and 2000 the proportion of global R&D occurring in low 
	 income economies rose from two percent to more than 20 percent. However, 
	 this rising commitment to R&D does not easily translate into the 
	 emergence of a family of innovations meeting the needs of low income 
	 consumers "at the bottom of the pyramid", since much of these 
	 technological resources are invested in outdated structures of 
	 innovation. A number of transnational corporations are targeting these 
	 markets but it is our contention that much of the previously dominant 
	 innovation value chains are either ignorant of the needs of consumers at 
	 the bottom of the pyramid, or lack the technologies and organisational 
	 structures to meet these needs effectively. Instead, the firms and value 
	 chains that are likely to be most successful in these dynamic new 
	 markets are those that are emerging in China and India and other 
	 developing countries, disrupting global corporate and locational 
	 hierarchies of innovation.
Classification-JEL: B52, D21, F02, F23, F59, L26, O31
Keywords: Science and Technology, Asian drivers, Innovation Systems, 
	 Millennium Development Goals
Series: UNU-MERIT Working Papers
Creation-Date: 2010
Number: 2010-020
File-URL: https://unu-merit.nl/publications/wppdf/2010/wp2010-020.pdf
File-Format: application/pdf
File-Size: 275 Kb
Handle: RePEc:unm:unumer:2010020