Template-type: ReDif-Paper 1.0
Author-Name: Feld, Jan
Author-Name: Sauermann, Jan
Author-Name: de Grip, Andries
Author-workplace-name: Research Centre for Educ and Labour Mark, RS: GSBE DUHR, RS: SBE - MACIMIDE
Title: Estimating the relationship between skill and overconfidence
Abstract: The Dunning–Kruger effect states that low performers vastly overestimate their performance while high performers more accurately assess their performance. Researchers usually interpret this empirical pattern as evidence that the low skilled are vastly overconfident while the high skilled are more accurate in assessing their skill. However, measurement error alone can lead to a negative relationship between performance and overestimation, even if skill and overconfidence are unrelated. To clarify the role of measurement error, we restate the Dunning–Kruger effect in terms of skill and overconfidence. We show that we can correct for bias caused by measurement error with an instrumental variable approach that uses a second performance as instrument. We then estimate the Dunning–Kruger effect in the context of the exam grade predictions of economics students, using their grade point average as an instrument for their exam grade. Our results show that the unskilled are more overconfident than the skilled. However, as we predict in our methodological discussion, this relationship is significantly weaker than ordinary least squares estimates suggest.
Classification-JEL: d03,i23
Series: ROA Research Memoranda
Creation-Date: 20170101
Number: 003
File-URL: https://cris.maastrichtuniversity.nl/ws/files/11563935/ROA_RM_2017_3.pdf
File-Format: application/pdf
File-Size: 859850
Handle: Repec:unm:umaror:2017003
DOI: 10.26481/umaror.2017003