Template-type: ReDif-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Liu, Kaiqi Author-workplace-name: RS: GSBE other - not theme-related research, Microeconomics & Public Economics Author-Name: Rusch, Hannes Author-workplace-name: Microeconomics & Public Economics, RS: GSBE other - not theme-related research Title: Slave raiding in the twentieth century Abstract: Slave-making and trading lastingly shaped global demographics. However, no quantitative studies of enslavement as a day-to-day business exist. We address this gap using a unique dataset coded from the surviving records kept by notorious slave raider Hamman Yaji (c. 1863–1929). Spanning fifteen years and over 300 events, the data reveal whom Yaji targeted, how he timed his raids, and how destructive they were. Panel regression analyses show how Yaji’s decisions were shaped by political, military, ecological, and economic constraints on profit maximization. Situated in colonial eastern Nigeria, our results provide unprecedented insight into the microeconomics of slave raiding Keywords: slavery, raiding, conflict, exploitation, Nigeria, Adamawa Classification-JEL: d74,j47,n47 Series: GSBE Research Memoranda Creation-Date: 20261012 Number: 010 File-URL: https://cris.maastrichtuniversity.nl/ws/files/324670983/RM26010.pdf File-Format: application/pdf File-Size: 1327936 Handle: Repec:unm:umagsb:2026010 DOI: 10.26481/umagsb.2026010