Template-type: ReDif-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Cockx, B. Author-Name: Desiere, Sam Title: Labour costs and the decision to hire the first employee Abstract: Firms without paid employees account for up to 80% of all firms, but only a small minority ever hires. This paper investigates the relationship between labour costs and the decision to hire a first employee and become an employer. Leveraging a unique policy in Belgium that permanently reduced the labour cost of the first employee by 13%, we find that the number of new, first-time employers jumped by 31% immediately following the reform. The elasticity of the probability to hire the first employee with respect to the labour cost is −2.39 [95% CI: −3.45, −1.25]. Classification-JEL: d22,h25,j08,j23,l26,m13 Series: GSBE Research Memoranda Creation-Date: 20230608 Number: 007 File-URL: https://cris.maastrichtuniversity.nl/ws/files/139342505/RM23007.pdf File-Format: application/pdf File-Size: 1520417 Handle: Repec:unm:umagsb:2023007 DOI: 10.26481/umagsb.2023007