Template-type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0
Author-Name: Santiago-Rodriguez, Fernando
Author-Email: fsantiago@idrc.ca
Author-Workplace-Name: International Development Research Centre, UNU-MERIT
Author-Name: Dutrenit, Gabriela
Author-Email: gdutrenit@laneta.apc.org
Author-Workplace-Name: UAM-Xochimilco
Title: Determinants of PRO-industry interactions in pharmaceutical R&D: the case of 
	 Mexico 
Abstract: Interactive learning, particularly between firms and public research 
	 organizations (PRO), nurtures the dynamics of systems of innovation. 
	 Limited interaction contributes to explain poor performance in R&D and 
	 ultimately, in innovation by developing countries. But why this is so? 
	 Based on evidence from the pharmaceutical industry in Mexico, this paper 
	 identifies some determinants of PRO-industry interaction for 
	 pharmaceutical R&D. Particular attention is granted to factors hindering 
	 such interactions; arguably the barriers differ throughout the diverse 
	 stages of the R&D process. The paper decomposes the Research and 
	 Development processes, thus it is possible to identify determinants to 
	 interactions in each of those instances. Drug development is further 
	 split in two stages: clinical research and drug manufacturing. The 
	 analysis indicates that macroeconomic and business environments, firms' 
	 strategies, ethical considerations, incentives and perceptions of 
	 PRO-industry interaction among the agents in the system, support/hinder 
	 interactivity in pharmaceutical R&D.
Classification-JEL: O31, O54, L65
Keywords: Public research organizations, pharmaceutical industry,
	 university-industry collaboration, pharmaceuticals, R&D, Mexico
Series: UNU-MERIT Working Papers
Creation-Date: 2010
Number: 053
File-URL: http://www.merit.unu.edu/publications/wppdf/2010/wp2010-053.pdf
File-Format: application/pdf
File-Size: 275 Kb
Handle: RePEc:unm:unumer:2010053