Template-type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0
Author-Name: Garcia, Abraham
Author-Email: garcia@merit.unu.edu
Author-Workplace-Name: UNU-MERIT
Title: National Systems of Innovations and the Role of Demand. A Cross Country 
	 Comparison 
Abstract: This article focuses on the role of demand in the National System of 
	 Innovations: why it is so important, and how does it affect the dynamics 
	 of the system and the flow of inventions and innovations.   
	 To study the evolutions and the dynamics of the different systems a 
	 series of composite indicators will be build up. In the paper it will be 
	 argued that the system of innovation can be defined by four different 
	 dimensions: Social and Human Capital, Knowledge Creation, Innovation 
	 capacity of the Supply and Innovation from the Demand. The evolution of 
	 these dimensions is studied over a period of fifteen years and compared 
	 across fourteen European countries. This structure allows to study 
	 different dynamics, and evolution over time of different systems. The 
	 study highlights the weak links of the system, comparing each national 
	 system with the performance of the rest of the states members. The 
	 identification of the weakness and the evolution of the weakness over 
	 the time gives interesting policy conclusions. The aim of the paper is 
	 also to contribute to the theory of composite indicators by offering a 
	 new approach to select, after carrying out a sensitivity analysis, the 
	 best indicator.   
Classification-JEL: O30, O38, O52, P46
Keywords: National System of Innovations, Composite Indicators, 
	 Benchmarking, Demand
Series: UNU-MERIT Working Papers
Creation-Date: 2007
Number: 027
File-URL: http://www.merit.unu.edu/publications/wppdf/2007/wp2007-027.pdf
File-Format: application/pdf
File-Size: 275 Kb
Handle: RePEc:unm:unumer:2007027