Template-type: ReDif-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Fleurbaey M. Author-Name: Valletta G. Author-workplace-name: GSBE Title: Fair optimal tax with endogenous productivities Abstract: What is a good incentive-compatible policy when one wants to respect individual choices of labor and human capital but eliminate inequalities due to unequal access to human capital and different returns to human capital, and when earnings and human capital expenditures are the only verifiable variables We propose a social ordering that incorporates this goal and we analyze the evaluation of tax reforms and the properties of optimal linear and non-linear taxes. For reform evaluation and for optimal non-linear taxation, the focus is on the situation of individuals with the most disadvantaged characteristics who work full time and spend a certain high amount in human capital. Keywords: Equity, Justice, Inequality, and Other Normative Criteria and Measurement; Social Choice; Clubs; Committees; Associations; Classification-JEL: D63; D71; . Series: Research Memorandum Creation-Date: 2013 Number: 024 File-URL: http://pub.maastrichtuniversity.nl/b0e671df-3a77-403d-a136-5ea8796cdce2 File-Format: application/pdf File-Size: 634464 Handle: RePEc:unm:umagsb:2013024